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1.
Distúrb. comun ; 27(1)mar 2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-750849

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A identificação de problemas auditivos nas escolas torna possível a elaboração de ações de promoção da saúde auditiva e de prevenção de alterações auditivas. Objetivo: Avaliar a audição de crianças de uma escola pública de Ensino Fundamental I. Material e Método: Forma de estudo: Estudo de coorte contemporânea com corte transversal. Foi realizada audiometria tonal limiar em 406 alunos da 1ª a 4ª série de uma escola pública de ensino Fundamental I. A avaliação audiológica foi realizada na escola com audiômetro MAICO MA41, em cabina acústica. Resultados: Entre as 406 crianças, 50 (12,3%) apresentaram alterações auditivas em uma ou ambas as orelhas, em uma ou mais frequências, sendo as piores médias de limiares na frequência de 6000 Hz com alterações em 51,7% das orelhas direitas e 356 crianças (87,7%) obtiveram resultados normais. Conclusões: A avaliação auditiva em escolares, dentro da própria escola é válida para a detecção de perdas auditivas. Pelo fato de 12,3% das crianças terem apresentado alterações, impõe-se o desenvolvimento de programas de prevenção em saúde auditiva. Frente aos resultados também encontrados neste estudo, ou seja, piores limiares em 6000 Hz, faz-se necessária maior atenção aos hábitos auditivos que as crianças vêm desenvolvendo, cada vez mais precocemente.


Introduction: The identification of hearing problems in schools makes it possible to plan and promote hearing health and to prevent hearing disorders. Aim: To evaluate children?s hearing in a public elementaryschool. Method: This is contemporary cross-sectional cohort study. Pure-tone audiometry test was done on 406 students from 1st to 4th grade in a public elementary school. An audiological evaluation was performed at the school with a MAICO MA41 audiometer, in a soundproof booth. Results: Among the 406 children tested, 50 (12.3%) had hearing loss in one or both ears, on one or more frequencies, with the worst average thresholds at the frequency of 6000 Hz with hearing loss happening in the right ear51.7% of the time, and 356 children (87.7%) had normal results. Conclusion: We conclude that the hearing tests carried out inside of schools is valid for the detection of hearing loss. Because 12,3% ofthe children had hearing loss, it is important to develop prevention programs for auditory health Based on other results also found in this study, i.e., thresholds lower than 6000 Hz, more attention needs to begiven to increasingly early auditory habits that children are developing.


Introducción: la identificación de problemas auditivos en escuelas hace posible la elaboración de acciones de promoción de la salud y de la prevención de alteraciones auditivas. Objetivo: evaluar la audición de niños de una escuela pública de Enseñanza Fundamental I. Material y Método: Forma de estudio: Estudio de coorte contemporáneo con corte transversal. Fue realizada audiometría tonal liminal en 406 alumnos del primero al cuarto año de una escuela pública de Enseñanza Fundamental I. La evaluación audiológica fue realizada en la escuela con audiómetro MAICO MA41, en cabina acústica. Resultados: entre los 406 niños, 50 (12,3%) presentaron alteraciones auditivas en una o ambas orejas, en una o más frecuencias, siendo las peores medias de liminales en la frecuencia de 6000 Hz conalteraciones en un 51,7% de las orejas derechas y 356 niños (87,7%) obtuvieron resultados normales. Conclusiones: la evaluación auditiva en escolares, dentro de la propia escuela es válida para la detecciónde pérdidas auditivas. Por el hecho de que el 12,3% de los niños hayan presentado alteraciones se impone el desarrollo de programas de prevención en salud auditiva. Frente a los resultados encontrados en esteestudio, o sea, peores liminales en 6000 Hz, se hace necesaria mayor atención a los hábitos auditivos que los niños vienen desarrollando, cada vez más precozmente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Middle Aged , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Habits , Health Promotion , Hearing , Students
2.
Int. arch. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 16(4): 515-522, out.-dez. 2012. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-655980

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The otoacoustic emissions test is an essential tool in the evaluation of auditory function, since it allows the early detection of cochlear damage of occupational origin. Objective: To present a review of the literature and analyze the effectiveness of the clinical application of the otoacoustic emissions test in workers exposed to noise. Methods: A bibliographical search covering a period of 10 years was performed in the Virtual Health Library including published articles in national and international journals indexed in the internationally recognized databases for the health sciences, LILACS, SCIELO, and MEDLINE, using the terms "otoacoustic emissions" and "occupational exposure." The type of published article (national/international), the type and intensity of the stimulus most commonly used for the evoked otoacoustic emissions, the gender and age of the subjects, and the conclusions from the retrospective studies were all taken into consideration. Results and Conclusions: A total of 19 articles were analyzed, 7 national and 12 international, covering subjects from 17 to 77 years of age, mostly men. The type of stimulus most commonly used for the evoked otoacoustic emissions was the distortion method (12). Through this review, we have concluded that testing of evoked otoacoustic emissions in workers exposed to noise is an important tool in the early diagnosis of noise-induced cochlear hearing disorders...


Subject(s)
Electrophysiology , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Occupational Health , Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous , Noise, Occupational/adverse effects , Hearing Disorders/physiopathology
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